http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/298 Urban & Regional Planning 2026-04-08T11:23:28Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3976 Title: Households’ participation in community based organisations’ poverty reduction programmes in Oyo state Nigeria (1999 – 2012) Authors: Odunola, O. O. Abstract: Community-Based Organisations (CBOs) are known to contribute to development especially at the grassroot level. However, the contribution of households in CBOs’ poverty alleviation has not been given adequate attention in the literature. This study, therefore, examined households’ level of participation in CBOs’ poverty reduction programmes in Oyo State, which has the highest number of CBOs’ in Southwestern Nigeria. Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation provided the analytical framework within a cross-sectional survey research design. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 10 (29.0%) local government areas from the three Senatorial districts: four in Oyo North (ON), three in Oyo Central (OC) and three in Oyo South (OS). A structured questionnaire focusing on level of household participation in community development (citizen power, tokenism, and non-participation), factors responsible for poverty reduction and challenges to participation was administered to 1,104 randomly selected household heads (399 in ON, 308 in OC and 397 in OS). In-depth interviews were conducted with members of randomly selected CBOs in each of the senatorial districts to obtain information on the projects executed and level of households’ involvement. Qualitative data were content analysed, while quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at 0.05 level of significance. Citizen power (54.8% in ON, 37.2% in OC and 50.5% in OS), tokenism (21.2% in ON, 27.8% in OC and 21.9% in OS) and non-participation (23.9% in ON, 35.0 % in OC and 27.6% in OS) were observed levels of participation. Mean incidence of poverty reduced from 5.3 to 1.4 in ON, 6.8 to 2.3 in OC and 3.9 to 1.1 in OS over time. This reduction was attributed to salary increase (9.0% in ON, 6.9% in OC and 8.9% in OS), birth control (13.8% in ON, 10.6% in OC and 13.7% in OS) and multiple jobs by the heads of household (15.1% in ON, 4.7% in OC and 12.8% in OS). The mean values of challenges to participation in development were financial problems (4.8±0.1 in ON, 3.6±0.4 in OC and 3.7±0.2 in OS), disparity in wealth (4.4±0.6 in ON, 3.6±0.2 in OC and 3.8±0.2 in OS) and power relations among community members (4.3±0.2 in ON, 3.5±0.5 in OC and 3.3±0.1 in OS). Development projects implemented by the CBOs were 38.8% in ON, 35.0% in OC and 26.2% in OS. Provision of infrastructural facilities by CBOs were 55.3% in ON, 72.1% in OC and 65.1% in OS; while economic and empowerment projects were 20.3% in ON, 8.1% in OC and 9.6% in OS. Security projects were 24.4% in ON, 19.8% in OC and 25.3% in OS. There was no significant difference in households’ levels of involvement in CBOs’ poverty alleviation programmes among the senatorial districts (F=0.13). Males were two times involved in CBOs’ poverty alleviation programmes than females in all the Senatorial districts. In spite of several benefits derived from Community-Based Organisations’ poverty alleviation programmes, households’ involvement in Oyo State was low. Households’ involvement should be strengthened by the government at different levels. Description: A Thesis in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning submitted to the faculty of the social sciences, in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria 2014-12-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3956 Title: A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ON-CAMPUS AND OFF-CAMPUS STUDENTS’ HOUSING IN THE UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, NIGERIA Authors: OWOLABI, B. O. Abstract: The University of Ibadan is faced with a persistent challenge of providing adequate students’ housing as a result of explosion in the students’ population in consequence of which the on-and off-campus students’ housing policy was adopted. Existing literature on students’ housing investigated on-campus students’ housing but neglected off-campus students’ housing. This study therefore, conducted a comparative assessment of the on-and off-campus students’ housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Systems theory provided the analytical framework, while survey research design was employed. A systematic random sampling technique was adopted to select respondents among registered on-and off-campus students. Five percent (A total of 400 on-campus and 700 off-campus students) were randomly selected from the 12 on-campus halls of residence and 22 off-campus hostels respectively. Off-campus hostels were drawn from University of Ibadan adjoining residential neighbourhoods (Agbowo, Orogun, Ajibode, Apete, Samonda and Bodija). A questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, health status indicator (reported cases of illnesses of malaria, cold/catarrh, cholera/diarrhoea and typhoid for the past two weeks at the time of survey), academic performance indicator (Cumulative Grade Point Average [CGPAs] of the 2009/2010 session), distance indicators (punctuality at lectures and time in transit) and social activities indicators (participation in sports, religion, and peer group) were used to elicit information from the students. Observational checklist was used to assess the quality of housing (windows sizes, netting, residential density and airspace). Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression) at p≤0.05. Respondents’ age was 24±7years, 75.8% were males. Off-campus students took ill more than their on-campus counterparts (β=-1.8): malaria (off-campus 40.3%; on-campus 23.3%); cold/catarrh (off-campus 18.3%; on-campus 16.7%), cholera/diarrhoea (off-campus 16.7%; on-campus 14.9%) and typhoid (off-campus 15.2%; on-campus 14.9%). On the average, on-campus students had a better academic performance (CGPA=4.2) than off-campus students (CGPA=3.5) with t=8.0. Average waiting time for transportation for off-campus students was between 16-30 minutes compared to on-campus students (1-15 minutes). On-campus students spent an average of 15 minutes in transit while off-campus students spent 59 minutes in transit (X2 =69.8). On-campus students socialise more than off-campus students in sporting activities (β=0.2), religious activities (β=0.1) and peer-group activities (β=0.3). The health of off-campus students was more endangered due to poor window design than their on-campus counterparts with good ventilation; 76.4% of on-campus students have nets in their rooms compared to 31.3% of off-campus students. Residential density was higher in off-campus (83.4%) than on-campus (12.4%) and air space was more adequate in on-campus (86.3%) than off-campus (19.5%). On-campus students’ housing was more conducive for health and learning than off-campus in the University of Ibadan. Therefore, on-campus accommodation should be increased significantly to cater for the student population in the university, while off-campus accommodation providers should be encouraged to improve on their service delivery. Description: A THESIS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, IN PARTIAL FUFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2015-12-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3828 Title: A Comparative Assessment of On-Campus and Off-Campus Students’ Housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria Authors: Owolabi, B. O. Abstract: The University of Ibadan is faced with a persistent challenge of providing adequate students’ housing as a result of explosion in the students’ population in consequence of which the on-and off-campus students’ housing policy was adopted. Existing literature on students’ housing investigated on-campus students’ housing but neglected off-campus students’ housing. This study therefore, conducted a comparative assessment of the on-and off-campus students’ housing in the University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Systems theory provided the analytical framework, while survey research design was employed. A systematic random sampling technique was adopted to select respondents among registered on-and off-campus students. Five percent (A total of 400 on-campus and 700 off-campus students) were randomly selected from the 12 on-campus halls of residence and 22 off-campus hostels respectively. Off-campus hostels were drawn from University of Ibadan adjoining residential neighbourhoods (Agbowo, Orogun, Ajibode, Apete, Samonda and Bodija). A questionnaire containing socio-demographic characteristics, health status indicator (reported cases of illnesses of malaria, cold/catarrh, cholera/diarrhoea and typhoid for the past two weeks at the time of survey), academic performance indicator (Cumulative Grade Point Average [CGPAs] of the 2009/2010 session), distance indicators (punctuality at lectures and time in transit) and social activities indicators (participation in sports, religion, and peer group) were used to elicit information from the students. Observational checklist was used to assess the quality of housing (windows sizes, netting, residential density and airspace). Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression) at p≤0.05. Respondents’ age was 24±7years, 75.8% were males. Off-campus students took ill more than their on-campus counterparts (β=-1.8): malaria (off-campus 40.3%; on-campus 23.3%); cold/catarrh (off-campus 18.3%; on-campus 16.7%), cholera/diarrhoea (off-campus 16.7%; on-campus 14.9%) and typhoid (off-campus 15.2%; on-campus 14.9%). On the average, on-campus students had a better academic performance (CGPA=4.2) than off-campus students (CGPA=3.5) with t=8.0. Average waiting time for transportation for off-campus students was between 16-30 minutes compared to on-campus students (1-15 minutes). On-campus students spent an average of 15 minutes in transit while off-campus students spent 59 minutes in transit (X2 =69.8). On-campus students socialise more than off-campus students in sporting activities (β=0.2), religious activities (β=0.1) and peer-group activities (β=0.3). The health of off-campus students was more endangered due to poor window design than their on-campus counterparts with good ventilation; 76.4% of on-campus students have nets in their rooms compared to 31.3% of off-campus students. Residential density was higher in off-campus (83.4%) than on-campus (12.4%) and air space was more adequate in on-campus (86.3%) than off-campus (19.5%). On-campus students’ housing was more conducive for health and learning than off-campus in the University of Ibadan. Therefore, on-campus accommodation should be increased significantly to cater for the student population in the university, while off-campus accommodation providers should be encouraged to improve on their service delivery. Description: A Thesis in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning Submitted to the Faculty of the Social Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) the University of Ibadan, Ibadan 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.library.ui.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3827 Title: The Potentials of Urban Rail Transport Development in Ibadan, Nigeria Authors: Omirin, J. O. Abstract: The goal of efficient transportation in cities requires that all modes should function at their optimal capacities to provide adequate choices for commuters. However, the neglect of the rail transport has been a contributory factor to the persistent mobility crisis prevalent in Nigerian cities. Ibadan once enjoyed intra-urban rail transport services (passenger and freight) until it became moribund. Given the current rate of urban expansion and increased commuting distances within the city, this study investigated the potentials of urban rail transport development as a solution for the urban mobility crisis in Ibadan. The Spatial Interaction Theory and the Public-Private Partnership model provided the conceptual framework. Using a cross-sectional research survey, data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. The Bureau of Public Enterprises provided information on the concessioning procedure for rail transportation in Nigeria. The city was stratified into five major traffic corridors on which a seven-day traffic count was conducted to collect data on commuter threshold capacity. Salter‟s corridor sampling technique was employed in the administration of questionnaire to 642 household heads based on income groups, along the stratified traffic corridors. Data on trip pattern, trip purpose, modal choice, rail potentials, train ride and the desire for the return of intra-urban rail transport; traffic congestion reduction, commuter‟s savings from the use of rail and employment creation were collected. Analysis of variance, multinomial logit and multiple regression models were used in data analysis at p≤0.05. Only 45.5 percent of residents had previously used train as mode of transportation. The threshold capacity for urban rail commuting along the traffic corridors of Podo/Akobo (2135), Lagos Road Toll/Moniya (1610), Bere/Akanran (1542) and Mokola/Ife Road Toll (1214) exceeded the required 1200 threshold capacity. Commuting distance varied from below 5 kilometres (53%) to 35 kilometres (4.8%) within the metropolis. Trips undertaken were mainly to work places (55.6%), shops/markets (26.8%), schools (6.7%), social/multipurpose trips (12.9%). There were significant differences in trips undertaken by the high, medium and low income groups (F= 38.503). Modal choice was significantly affected by auto-ownership, trip by bus, and respondents‟ income (r=0.24). The potential use of the rail transport was a function of occupation, estimated income and trip distance of commuters (R2=0.84). Eighty-four percent of the respondents desired the return of intra-urban rail transport. Perceived potentials of rail transport included reduction in traffic congestion (84.2%), per capita traffic crash rates (76.8%), increased modal choice (68.2%), enhanced commuter savings (57.5%) and employment creation (52.7%). The traffic congestion reduction potential of the rail was high (R2=0.59). Vertical integration approach of Bureau of Public Enterprises in rail concessioning was found to attract prospective private partnership. Intra urban rail transport in Ibadan has very high potentials. There is the need to revitalise intra urban rail transport in the city through public-private partnership. Description: A Thesis in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning Submitted to the Faculty of the Social Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) the University of Ibadan, Ibadan 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z