DSpace Community: DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE

Physico-chemical properties of ‘wara’ cheese precipitated with sodom apple and pawpaw leaf juice

Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Physico-chemical properties of ‘wara’ cheese precipitated with sodom apple and pawpaw leaf juice Authors: Olorunnisomo, O. A .; Ibhaze, G. A. Abstract: A study was conducted to access the physicochemical properties of ‘wara’ cheese precipitated with sodom apple or pawpaw leaf juice. These coagulants ware applied to fresh Zebu milk or reconstituted milk powder at 50' C arid heated slowly until boiling point was reached. Chemical composition of both milk showed that fresh Zebu milk had higher fat, lactose and total solids than reconstituted milk powder. Crude protein content of cheese coagulated with Sodom apple was lower than those coagulated wiih pawpaw leaf Juice. However, cheese precipitated with sodom apple required a highs- volume (10ml) of juice per- litre of milk than rrieeie precipitated cheese pawpaw leaf /8ml) juice. Organoleptic assessment also revealed that cheese precipitated with sodom apple were preferred to cheese precipitated with pawpaw leaf extract. The higher protein content and preference of consumers for sodom apple-precipitated cheese, probably explain why this coagulant is prefared among local cheese makers Description: In: Proceedings of 35th Annual conference of Nigerian Society for Animal Production. Held in University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. From 14th – 17th March, 2010. Pp. 834 – 836

Reduction offeacal shedding of parasites in West African dwarf bucks fed yeast and lactobacillus acidophilus

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Reduction offeacal shedding of parasites in West African dwarf bucks fed yeast and lactobacillus acidophilus Authors: Inyang, U. A.; Ososanya, T. O. Abstract: Ruminants serve as reservoirs of pathogenic microorganisms and their faecal shedding forms the vehicle of entry into human food chain which in turn causes food borne diseases. Usually drugs and live vaccines are the main control measures; however, due to increasing concerns of resistance and residues in meal with prophylactic drug use and the high cost of vaccines, alternative control methods are needed. The aim of this study was to determine if administration of probiotics could influence the shedding of faecal pathogenic bacteria and parasites/helminthes from WAD goats. In a completely randomised design, thirty goats were allotted to six dietary treatments which were formulated using concentrate as: control (Dl); antibiotic (D2); 2.5g bakers yeast (D3); 5. 0g bakers yeast (D4); 2.5g yeast plus Lactobacilli (D5) and 5.0g yeast plus Lactobacilli (D6), where D5 and D6 were fortified with Lactobacillus acidophilus at 1.00x10(12)cfu/g each. Faecal samples (3g) were collected from bucks for faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT, %). Data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and ANOVA α(0.05). The results showed that the FECRT (%) for the pathogenic bacteria revealed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in load at two weeks by 99.99 % in D6 while the least was seen in D2 with 98.98 %. The salmonella as at day 14 recorded significant percentage reduction which was high in D5 (90%) and lowest in D6 (19.23 %). The parasitic shedding of coccidia at day 14 showed that the goats on D1 shed 400 egg per gram (epg) while those on D3 recorded 150 epg. The animals on D2, D4, D5 and D6 recorded no trace of coccidia eggs in their faeces while animals on D5 and D6 showed reductions of 5.60 and 50.00 % respectively in Ascaris. Tapeworm was identified only in faecal sample of D1. The result revealed that yeast combined with Lactobacillus acidophilus at 5g/day could serve as a potential alternative to anti-bacteria and anti-helminthes.

Feed intake, nutrient utilization and growth performance of West African Dwarf rams fed silage combinations of maize forage and mucuna pruriens foliage

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Feed intake, nutrient utilization and growth performance of West African Dwarf rams fed silage combinations of maize forage and mucuna pruriens foliage Authors: Alabi, B. O.; Ososanya, T. O. Abstract: Crude protein is essentially needed for ruminants but expensive to supply. Mucuna puriens is a high yielding domesticated legume. When the legume is strategically combined with a fibre source, it will make a good diet for ruminants. Thus, a study was carried out to assess the effect of ensiling mucuna with maize forage on performance of rams. In the study, rams were fed silage combinations of Maize Forage (MF) and Mucuna pruriens foliage (MPF). Downy mildew and streak resistant (DMR-SR) yellow variety maize was planted and harvested as MF at six weeks of growth and ensiled with MPF at four levels: 1:0, 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 for 21 days. All the four silages were fed to 20 WAD rams (12.00±0.25 Kg) in a completely randomised design for 105 days. Proximate composition of the silages, apparent nutrient digestibility of silages in WAD rams, feed intake and weight changes were determined using standard procedures, while feed conversion ratio was computed using standard procedures. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at α(0.05) The dry matter (DM) was significantly higher in T1 (25.65±0.62) and T2 (23.48±0.47) than T3 (21,80±0.41) and T4 (21.57±0.40). The crude protein (CP) was highest in T4 (13.0±0.6) and least in T1 (8.0±0.2). The crude fibre was significantly higher in T1 (26.4±2.6) and T2 (26.2±2.0) than T3 (24.0±1.8) and T4 (21.6±0.9). Apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) was highest in T2 (59.2±1.7) and least in T4 (37.7±1.9), while percentage nitrogen retention was significantly higher in T2 (43.2x±3.8) and lower in T1 (20.0x4.3). The FCR for rams fed T2 was significantly lower (8.84±1.2) than T1 (9.76±0.80), T3 (9.60±0.60) and T4 (11.50±0.90) Ensiling maize forage with Mucuna pruriens foliage at 3:1 enhanced nutrient digestibility and growth performance in West African dwarf rams without any deleterious effect.

Nutritive evaluation of differently processed mucuna seeds for ruminants

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Nutritive evaluation of differently processed mucuna seeds for ruminants Authors: Ososanya, T. O.; Inyang, U. A. Abstract: Mucuna as a feed has great ability to serve as a source of energy and protein in dry season feeds due to the fact that it has high crude protein content comparable to other well known legumes. The study was designed to evaluate the nutritive compositions of Mucuna beans subjected to various treatments: roasting, boiling, autoclaving and raw. Thereafter, the proximate composition, invitro gas production and fermentative characteristics of the treated beans were undertaken. Result showed significant differences in the roasted beans for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) values of 96.97 and 36.86 %, respectively. Other proximate parameters (crude fibre, ash and nitrogen free extract) were similar for all treated beans. In vitro gas production after 24 hours showed that autoclaved (32.75 mL), boiled (32.25 mL) and raw beans (29.75 mL) were similar (p>0.05) and more utilizable as ruminant feed compared to the roasted form. Roasted beans recorded the least (11. 00 mL) gas production. Roasting affected the fermentation characteristics significantly (p<0.05) by lowering its organic matter digestibility (OMD, 42.20 % DM), short chain fatty acids (SCFA, 0.31 mmol/L), metabolizable energy (ME, 5.71 MJ/Kg DM) and methane gas (MG, 7.75 mL/200 mg DM). Roasting perhaps affected the fibre structure thereby making it unavailable for microbes to act on as evident in results from in vitro gas production and fermentative characteristics. However, other treatments (excluding raw) posits a potentiality of Mucuna as a source of energy for ruminants' especially in dry season when there is scarcity of dietary energy sources.