DSpace Collection: scholarly

Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Ameliorative effect of gallic acid on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction in rats Authors: Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Folasire, A. F.; Ajibade, T. O.; Asentiga, E. R.; Adejumobi, O. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyetola, O.; James, G.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A. Abstract: Background: The use of doxorubicin (DOX) as an antineoplastic agent has been greatly limited because of the myriad of toxic sequelae associated with it. The aim of this study was to assess the protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on DOX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Methods: Sixty male rats (Wistar strain) were used in this study. They were divided into six groups (A–F) each containing 10 animals. Group A was the control. Rats in Groups B, C, and D were treated with DOX at the dosage of 15 mg/kg body weight i.p. Prior to this treatment, rats in Groups C and D had been treated orally with GA for 7 days at the dosage of 60 and 120 mg/kg, respectively. Animals from Groups E and F received only 60 and 120 mg/kg GA, respectively, which were administered orally for 7 days. Results: The exposure of rats to DOX led to a significant (p 0.05) decrease in the cardiac antioxidant defence system and elevation of creatine kinase myocardial band and lactate dehydrogenase. The electrocardiography results showed a significant decrease in heart rate, QRS, and QT-segment prolongation. GA alone improved the antioxidant defence system. Conclusions: The GA pretreatment significantly alleviated GA-associated ECG abnormalities, restored the antioxidant status and prevented cardiac damage.

Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats through antioxidant defense system

Sat, 01 Jul 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Ameliorative effect of gallic acid in doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity in wistar rats through antioxidant defense system Authors: Omobowale, T. O.; Oyagbemi, A. A.; Ajufo, U. E.; Adejumobi, A. O.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Adedapo, A. A.; Yakubu, M. A. Abstract: Hepatotoxicity has been found to be one of the main side effects associated with doxorubicin (Dox) administration in cancer therapy. The aim of the present study was to examine the ameliorative effect of gallic acid (GA) in Dox-induced hepatotoxicity. Sixty male Wistar rats of 10 rats per group were used in this study and were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (A–F). Rats in Group A served as the control group and received distilled water orally for 7 days; Group B was given Dox at 15 mg/kg bodyweight intraperitoneally (IP) on Day 8. Group Cwas given GA at 60 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days + Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on Day 8. Group D was given GA at 120 mg/kg body weight orally for 7 days +Dox at 15 mg/kg IP on day 8. Rats in Groups E and F were administered GA alone at 60 and 120 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 7 days, respectively. Dox administration led to a significant reduction in hepatic reduced glutathione and nonprotein thiol (NPT) together with significant increase in hepatic malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide generation, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity; hepatic glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activity were significantly inhibited in Dox-treated rats. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin concentrations were significantly elevated following Dox administration. Pretreatment with GA ameliorated Dox-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress. The results suggest that GA may offer protection against hepatic damage in Dox cancer chemotherapy.

Sodium arsenite induced reproductive perturbations in wistar strain albino rats: protective assessment of Cassia fistula

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Sodium arsenite induced reproductive perturbations in wistar strain albino rats: protective assessment of Cassia fistula Authors: Ola-Davies, O.; Oloye, A.; Adeoye, A. Abstract: Arsenic is a naturally occurring ubiquitous toxic compound. This study investigated the possible sperm protective potential of leaf extract of Cassia fistula Linn (Fabaceae) against sodium arsenite induced reproductive damage reflected as reduced sperm motility, livability and concentration. Sixty-four adult male wistar rats (180 to 220g) were used. The rats were separated into 8 groups (A-H) of eight rats each treated for 60days with 0.2ml corn oil (A), 2.5 mg/kg 1 body weight sodium arsenite (SA) (B), pre-administered 100mg/kg-1 Cassia fistula and 2.5mg/kg-1 SA (C), 100mg/kg-1 Cassia fistula (D). pre-administered 200mg/kg-1 Cassia fistula and 2.5mg/kg-1 SA (E). 200mg/kg-l Cassia fistula (F). pre- administered 300mg/kg-1 Cassiafistula and 2.5mg/kg 1 SA (G), 300mg/kg-1 Cassia fistula (H). Phvtochemical screening of Cassia fistula extract revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardenolides, tannins, saponins, phenols and steroids. Group G rats had a significant (P<0.05) decrease mean right testicular weight compared to the rest of the groups. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in sperm motility of groups B, C, E, G and H compared to groups A, D and F rats. The mean sperm count obtained across the groups also followed similar trend. Arsenic exposure led to a significant increase in sperm abnormalities and testicular damage evidenced by vacuolation of secondary spermatocytes, loss of spermiogenic epithelium. In conclusion. Cassiafistula at a dose of 100mg.kg-1 was found to attenuate Arsenic-induced testicular damage and sperm abnormalities. Cassia, fistula may therefore represent a potential therapeutic option to protect testicular tissues against arsenic intoxication.

Haemogram and hormonal profile of WAD buck treated with leaf ethanol extract of spondias mombin

Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Haemogram and hormonal profile of WAD buck treated with leaf ethanol extract of spondias mombin Authors: Oloye, A. A.; Ola-Davies, O. E.; Oyeyemi, M. O. Abstract: Twelve post pubertal West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks of average age of 1.8 ± 0.19 years and average weight of 8.76 ± 0.72 kg were experimentally treated orally with 800mg/kgBW of ethanol extract of Spondias mombin. Experiment was carried out in the month of August at Abeokuta, South West Nigeria with temperature range of 24oC and 33oC on Latitude 07o 10’N and Longitude 03o 2’E. The goats had well-formed pendulous scrotum with well descended free bilateral testicles. The goats were kept in a standard goat pen and fed with fresh green centrosema leaves in the morning and commercially prepared ration in the evening. Water was served ad libitum. Pre-treatment haematological and hormonal profiling after aseptical collection of blood from the bucks was followed with 14 days of oral treatment with ethanol extract of Spondias mombin at the dosage rate of 800mg/kg BW. Post-treatment haematological and hormonal studies followed after. The hormones assayed were follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), testosterone, progesterone, estrogen and prolactin. The haemogram revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher PCV (24.33±0.6 %) in pre-treatment compared to 19.92± 1.1 % recorded for post-treatment. However, both were lower in values than normal range. WBC and RBC did not change significantly but while RBC values for pre-treatment and post-treatment fell within normal range, only the WBC value of post-treatment did. Assay of FSH, progesterone, estrogen and prolactin revealed no significant (p . 0.05) difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment; however, noticeable higher pre-treatment LH concentration and elevated post-treatment testosterone concentration were observed. The work showed that Spondias mombin at 800mg/kgBW has profertility tendencies in the buck and can be considered as an aphrodisiac in goat breeding in developing countries probably at a higher dosage.